Structure, attention to detail, concise persuasive writing and a reasonable budget are the critical elements of the writing stage.
Statement of need
Purpose, goals, measurable objectives and a compelling, logical reason why the proposal should be supported; background provides perspective and is often a welcome component.
Approach
Method and process of accomplishing goals and objectives, description of intended scope of work with expected outcomes, outline of activities, description of personnel functions with names of key staff and consultants, if possible.
Method of evaluation
Some require very technical measurements of results. Inquire about expectations.
Project timeline
Paints a picture of project flow that includes start and end dates, schedule of activities and projected outcomes; should be detailed enough to include staff selection and start dates.
Credentials
Information about the applicant that certifies ability to successfully undertake the proposed effort; typically includes institutional or individual track record and resumes.
Narratives typically must satisfy the following questions:
- What do we want?
- What concern will be addressed and why is it important?
- Who will benefit and how?
- What specific objectives can be accomplished and how?
- How will results be measured?
- How does this funding request relate to the funder’s purpose, objectives and priorities?
- Who are we (organization, independent producer) and how do we qualify to meet this need?
The Hook
There are many ways to represent the same idea. However, the hook tailors the description of the idea to the interest of a particular funder. The hook aligns the project with the purpose and goals of the funding source. This is a critical aspect of any proposal’s narrative because it determines how compelling reviewers will perceive your submission to be.
Budgets are cost projections. They are also a window into how projects will be implemented and managed. Well-planned budgets reflect carefully thought-out projects. Be sure to only include those things the funder is willing to support.
Funders use these factors to assess budgets:
- Can the job be accomplished with this budget?
- Are costs reasonable for the market — or too high or low?
- Is the budget consistent with proposed activities?
- Is there sufficient budget detail and explanation?
Many funders provide mandatory budget forms that must be submitted with the proposal.
Don’t forget to list in-kind support and matching revenue, where appropriate. Be flexible about your budget in case the funder chooses to negotiate costs.
